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How Nature Works : the science of self-organized criticality / by Per Bak
版 | 1st ed. 1996. |
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出版者 | (New York, NY : Springer New York : Imprint: Copernicus) |
出版年 | 1996 |
本文言語 | 英語 |
大きさ | XIII, 212 p. 36 illus., 9 illus. in color : online resource |
著者標目 | *Bak, Per author SpringerLink (Online service) |
件 名 | LCSH:Mathematical analysis LCSH:System theory LCSH:Computer simulation LCSH:Chemometrics LCSH:Earth sciences LCSH:Biomathematics FREE:Analysis FREE:Complex Systems FREE:Computer Modelling FREE:Mathematical Applications in Chemistry FREE:Earth Sciences FREE:Mathematical and Computational Biology |
一般注記 | 1 Complexity and Criticality -- 2 The Discovery of Self-Organized Criticality -- 3 The Sandpile Paradigm -- 4 Real Sandpiles and Landscape Formation -- 5 Earthquakes, Starquakes, and Solar Flares -- 6 The “Game of Life”: Complexity Is Criticality -- 7 Is Life a Self-Organized Critical Phenomenon? -- 8 Mass Extinctions and Punctuated Equilibria in a Simple Model of Evolution -- 9 Theory of the Punctuated Equilibrium Model -- 10 The Brain -- 11 On Economics and Traffic Jams and acknowledgments Self-organized criticality is a new way of viewing nature. The basic picture is one where nature is perpetually out of balance, but organized in a poised state-the critical state-where anything can happen within well-defined statistical laws. The aim of the science of self-organized criticality is to yield insight into the fundamental question of why nature is complex, not simple, as the laws of physics imply. Self-organized criticality explains some ubiquitous patterns existing in nature that we view as complex. Fractal structure and catastrophic events are among those regularities. Applications range from the study of pulsars and black holes to earthquakes and the evolution of life. One intriguing conse quence of the theory is that catastrophes can occur for no reason whatsoever. Mass extinctions may take place without any external triggering mechanism such as a volcanic eruption or a meteorite hitting the earth (although the the ory of course cannot rule out that this has in fact occurred). xu How Nature Works Since we first proposed the idea in 1987, more than 2,ooo papers have been written on self-organized criticality, making ours the most cited paper in physics during that period. How Nature Works is the first book to deal with the subject. The basic idea is simple, and most of the mathematical models that have been used in the implementation of the theory are not complicated HTTP:URL=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5426-1 |
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電子ブック | 配架場所 | 資料種別 | 巻 次 | 請求記号 | 状 態 | 予約 | コメント | ISBN | 刷 年 | 利用注記 | 指定図書 | 登録番号 |
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電子ブック | オンライン | 電子ブック |
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Springer eBooks | 9781475754261 |
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EB00233498 |
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データ種別 | 電子ブック |
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分 類 | LCC:QA299.6-433 DC23:515 |
書誌ID | 4000107139 |
ISBN | 9781475754261 |
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